Even among Pakistanis, Mirpur is considered uncivilized. Why do UK born Pakistani babies have high perinatal andneonatsl mortalityrate. Efficient assimilate supply to the grain from the source and the capacity of the sink to receive it determines the higher yield (grain filling percentage) and these processes depend highly upon environmental conditions [48, 49]. J. Med. 70 The countries of Saudi Arabia and Pakistan have high rates of incest. The word Hindko, commonly used to refer to a number of Indo-Aryan dialects spoken in the neighbourhood of Pashto, likely originally meant "the Indian language" (in contrast to Pashto). Most of the country's people live in rural areas, but two large and growing megacities exist: the coastal Karachi and Lahore in eastern Punjab. In both the years, the maximum grain yield for all varieties was achieved at early planting dates (20 December) and there was a gradual decreasing trend observed in delayed planting. It is incumbent on all of us to educate and refuse to allow politicians and the media to sweep these important issues under the carpet. [88] The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization defines five levels of language endangerment between "safe" (not endangered) and "extinct":[89], The list below includes the findings from the third edition of Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010; formerly the Red Book of Endangered Languages), as well as the online edition of the aforementioned publication, both published by UNESCO.[90]. Chart. Comparative Performance of Hybrid and Elite Inbred Rice Varieties with In the chart below, the latest fertility rate data for each Pakistani district with a population of over 2 million as of the 2017 census can be found. The studied hybrid and inbred varieties produced statistically similar grain yield at delayed planting (5 February) in 2008-09 and 2009-10, which was associated with rapid reduction of the number of filled grain percentage in hybrid varieties. In addition to finding such a high number of cases of extreme inbreeding, the researchers found that such cases had a wide range of negative health impacts on people in terms of physical, mental, and reproductive issues. Pakistan - fertility rate 2020 | Statista [Online]. Web70% of marriages in Pakistan are believed to be inbred. Consanguinity related Other factors such as outliers and founders will 363368, 2010. More than 20% of the world population favours consanguineous marriages because of its social benefits1 - It certainly is supportive to the women in patrilineal descent of families in the developing countries. as of 2018[38], Ethnic groups in Pakistan (World Factbook)[41], The major ethnolinguistic groups of Pakistan include Punjabis, Pashtuns, Sindhis, Saraikis, Muhajirs, Balochs, Paharis[a][b] and Brahuis,[42][c] with significant numbers of Kashmiris, Chitralis, Shina, Baltis, Kohistanis, Torwalis, Hazaras, Burusho, Wakhis, Kalash, Siddis and other various minorities. Charles II, known as the bewitched because of his large tongue, had a huge inbreeding coefficient. What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. 3, pp. Gus, K., Dedeoglu, N. and Luieci, G. The frequency and medical effects of consanguincous marriages inAntalya. The overall prevalence of congenital malformations in children of related parents was 40% (1530 out of 3820) and in non-related parents 26% (305 out of 1180) (p= 0.01). 1, pp. 157176, IRRI, 1998. The inbreeding of 76% in this sutdy corresponds with that of Darr and Model17 who found 75% consanguinity in Pakistanis settled in U.K. [10], Ethnologue lists 74 languages in Pakistan. Due to vigorous vegetative growth at the middle growth stage, tested hybrid varieties accumulated significantly higher amounts of dry matter at heading over the inbred. Rainfall is scanty or absent in early dry season (December-January). Gent., 1 975;20:91 - 107. Assoc., 1981;31 :269-274. 16271635, 2007. Sarhaddi is a sub-dialect of Rakshani. [4] The census also reported that Azad Kashmir's population stood at 4,045,367[5] and Gilgit-Baltistan's population was 1,492,924. The nation has two megacities, Karachi and Lahore. A. W. Julfiquar, M. J. Hasan, A. K. Azad, and A. M. Nurunnab, Research and development of hybrid rice in Bangladesh, in Hybrid Rice in Bangladesh: Progress and Future Strategies, pp. The prevalence of consanguinity and the degree of inbreeding vary from one population to another depending on ethnicity, religion, culture and geography. Risks in consanguineous marriages: An isonymic study. 8288, 1997 (Chinese). Ratio of spikelets number to leaf area (at heading) and ratio of yield sink to leaf area (at heading) were calculated according to Zhao et al. The preanthesis shoot (stem + leaf) reserve translocation was calculated by net loss in dry weight of vegetative organs between preanthesis and maturity [33]. [48] reported that higher temperature limits the assimilate supply to meet the demand of grains. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. 48, no. Australian researchers from the University of Queensland led by Loc Yengo found 125 cases of extreme inbreeding when they looked at the data of 456,414 people ages 40-69 who voluntarily submitted their genetic information between 2006 and 2010. Ethnographic atlas. Scientific American 6, pp. WebA 2009 study put the percentage of consanguine (blood related) marriages in Libya at 48.4%. The country has a relatively high, although declining, growth rate supported by high birth rates and low death rates. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. (any currency can be selected). 1, pp. Show publisher information Plants from the central 6m2 undisturbed area in each plot were harvested at maturity and grain yields were recorded. WebMianchannu-51 --19 70 Muridke-92 3-19 114 Sheikhupura-381 32-67 480 Gujrat 34 306 6 9 70 425 Jhelum 4 394 39 3 338 778 Consanguinity related prenatal and postnatal mortality in Pakistan inbreeding. Although the table is originally ranked by district population size, clicking the headers will allow the reader to sort the table. S. V. K. Jagadish, P. Q. Craufurd, and T. R. Wheeler, High temperature stress and spikelet fertility in rice (Oryza sativa L.), Journal of Experimental Botany, vol. Otorhinolaryn., 1984;18:97-106. 5966, 2006. Child., 1989;64:1036-1041. B. Dalei, and B. K. Choudhury, Response of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa) to date of planting, spacing and seedling rate during wet season, Indian Journal of Agronomy, vol. 8, pp. 3552, International Rice Reseseach Institute and Bangladesh Rice Reseseach Institute, 1999. 27, no. Pakistan: Fertility rate from 2010 to 2020 [Graph]. Both the hybrid varieties showed relatively higher postheading-CGR at early planting due to their higher LAI at the grain filling period. 766772, 2002. on The Devastating Effect Of Muslim Inbreeding, Copyright 2017 2021 | AltNewsMedia Ltd. AltNewsMedia uses cookies to improve your experience. Because of deleterious effects of such marriages on pennatal and infant mortality and occurrence of congenital malformations12, Japan10 has shown a remarkable decrease in the incidence of consanguinity over the past 40 years. That has to end, for the good of humanity. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. 265268, 1997. 406414, 2004. One hundred and thirty-five of these families had one additional child malformed, whereas, 10 had two malformed children in addition to the index child with whom they reported. Punjabi is unusual among the Indo-Aryan languages and the broader Indo-European language family in its usage of lexical tone. scale pig keeping: why inbreeding matters [34]. Ethnolinguistic groups with a population of more than a million each. 94, no. [85] An alternative local name for this language group is Hindki. DA 816. Tang et al. WebFor context, some statistics: In Pakistan, close to 70% of the population is inbred In England, half of Pakistani immigrants are married to first cousins In Denmark, around 40% are inbred. Inbreeding is common in the southeast region and more rural states, such as Eastern Kentucky. The white tiger is a result of a rare genetic mutation and the most efficient way to breed them is by using two tigers who have the recessive genes needed to produce offspring with a white coat. Med. In this study there was no significant difference in flag leaf photosynthetic rate between the studied hybrid and inbred rice varieties, irrespective of planting dates. Introduction. Perinatal mortality in different ethnic groups. These are some maps of religious minority groups. Darr, A. and Modell, B. 69, no. 7, pp. The populatio is being affected by this. 184188, 2001. 5.1. SchulI, W.J. Most obvious of all is that those who willingly submitted their genetic information to the Biobank were clearly eager or neutral in doing so, suggesting that they were healthier than average and had a higher level of education than most. The high incidence of consanguinity in our series was due to social custom, the practice of arranged marriages within the families and unawareness of the public about the adverse genetic effects of such practice. Hamamy, H.A. If you are an admin, please authenticate by logging in again. S. S. Virmami, Shifting the yield frontier with hybrid rice, in Increasing Rice Production in BangladeshChallenges and Strategies, S. I. Bhuiyna and A. N. M. R. Karim, Eds., pp. Sennels states that the ability to enjoy and produce knowledge and abstract thinking is simply lower in the Islamic world an example being that the entire Arab world translates only 330 books a year, roughly 20% of Greece alone. })(); AltNewsMedia Ltd You only have access to basic statistics. The statistics in the graphs below were created by the United Nations in July 2022,[7] and are covered in more detail in the following section. Of these, 66 are indigenous and 8 are non-indigenous. Consanguineous marriage in Pakistan was reported to be higher than 60% of the population in 2014. Please do not hesitate to contact me. 236-252. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Between 1998 and 2017, the average annual population growth rate stood at +2.40%. 13931400, 2007. Of course, there are some notable issues with the reliability of the new studys numbers as well. Bundey, S., Alam, H., Kaur, A. eta!. Such a decline has not been seen anywhere else due to the positive social benefits which such marriages provide, especially to women. Effects of parental consanguinity on fertility, mortality and morbidity among the pattusalis of Tirupati, South India. J,Hum. For a general overview of the citizens of Pakistan, see. The second-largest group of foreign-born residents consists of refugees from Afghanistan who are expected to leave Pakistan by the end of 2018. 103, no. 6, no. Numerous smaller cities (such as Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Peshawar, and the capital Islamabad) dot the rest of the country. Photosynthate accumulation panicle1 decreased at the rate of ca. That figure differs significantly from other estimates of extreme inbreeding in England and Wales: one in 5,247. B. Chakrabarti, P. K. Aggarwal, S. D. Singh, S. Nagarajan, and H. Pathak, Impact of high temperature on pollen germination and spikelet sterility in rice: comparison between basmati and non-basmati varieties, Crop and Pasture Science, vol. The language is spoken among a significant overseas diaspora, particularly in Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom. In, World Bank. Table of Contents Inbreeding statistics by state The U.S has a low inbreeding rate of about 0.1 to 0.2% only There are only 18 states listed to have inbreeding cases [41] reported higher photosynthetic capability of flag leaf in hybrid rice. Researchers Find 13,200 Cases Of U.K. Inbreeding And Think The True Number Is Even Higher. [63], Urdu is taught as a compulsory subject up to higher secondary school in both English and Urdu medium school systems, which has produced millions of second-language Urdu speakers among people whose native language is one of the other languages of Pakistan which in turn has led to the absorption of vocabulary from various regional Pakistani languages,[64] while some Urdu vocabularies has also been assimilated by Pakistan's regional languages. 110118, 2008. clearly shows that 70% (185 out of 265) second cousin marriages resulted in malformations from fathers side, 51% (615 out of 1205) first cousin marriages caused malformations from mothers side, whereas, 100% (60 out of 60) of children had malformations if the parents were first cousins both from paternal and maternal sides. The reason could be the parents influence dominating the choice of the marnage partners. Int. [53]; Yang et al. A note was also made whetherthe couples were married intheirfathers family (n=1895, 50%), mothers family (n=1820, 47%), or whether they were related to both (n105, 3%). G. D. Bonnett and L. D. Incoll, The potential pre-anthesis and post-anthesis contributions of stem internodes to grain yield in crops of winter barley, Annals of Botany, vol. Pakistan faces a high risk of genetic disorders caused by S. Chen, F. Zeng, Z. Pao, and G. Zhang, Characterization of high-yield performance as affected by genotype and environment, Journal of Zhejiang University of Science B, vol. The table below shows Pakistan's population structure by five-year age group and sex using data from the 2017 census. 1, pp. The shoot reserve translocation was negatively correlated with the temperature of grain filling period. S. D. Reo, Flag leaf a selection criterion for exploiting potential yields in rice, Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, vol. (March 30, 2023). Occasional papers, second series, No.4, London, Gallon Institute, 1992. But in the Islamic World, the practice is still very much alive as their Prophet Mohammad allowed this, with the consequences increasingly felt by countries in Europe, and are starting to have effect in the USA, Canada and Australia. 7184, 1998. [75] It entered the New Indo-Aryan stage around the 10th century CE. This improvement is not always translated to the grain yield and its physiological causes are still unclear. The frequency of consanguineous marriage among British Pakistanis, J. He holds dual bachelor's degrees from Pace University and a master's degree from New York University. The ideal entry-level account for individual users. Even in England, more than half of Pakistani immigrants are married to their first cousins, and in Denmark the number of According to The Daily Mail, extrapolating the teams findings to the U.K. population as a whole would suggest that an estimated 13,200 U.K. citizens are the result of extreme inbreeding. 11. 319325, 2010. forms: { This may be due to intrinsic genotypic characters or the well adaptability of the inbred BRRI dhan45 to the environment. WebPercentage Distribution of Population by Broad Age Group and Sex Pakistan Demographic Survey (PDS), 2020 is the twentieth round of a series of surveys, initiated in 1984. According to the BBC, a muslim family in the UK is up to 13 times more likely to have a child with recessive genetic disorders, and account for a third of all children with genetic birth defects. Temperature, solar radiation, and sunshine hours gradually increase from January to April. [83] Differences with other Punjabi varieties are more pronounced in the morphology and phonology than in the syntax. ), Also spoken in: China, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Vulnerable - "most children speak the language, but it may be restricted to certain domains (e.g., home)", Definitely endangered "children no longer learn the language as mother tongue in the home", Severely endangered "language is spoken by grandparents and older generations; while the parent generation may understand it, they do not speak it to children or among themselves", Critically endangered "the youngest speakers are grandparents and older, and they speak the language partially and infrequently", Extinct "there are no speakers left; included in the Atlas if presumably extinct since the 1950s", This page was last edited on 28 April 2023, at 20:57. WebThe overall frequency of inbreeding was 76% with a coefficient of 0.04151 which is probably the highest figure reported in literature. 4, no. The table below shows Pakistan's provinces and territories by their historical population. The U.K. Biobank began in 2006 and helps scientists study the various contributions of genetic predisposition and environmental exposure to the development of diseases. Sennels states that research reveals inbred children lose 10-16 points from their IQ, and the chance of having an IQ of less than 70 (the official demarcation for being classified as retarded) increases by an astonishing 400% for the child of first cousin marriage. [92][93][94] Majority of the Muslims practice Sunni with a significant minority of Shi'as. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. 67% in Saudi Arabia 64% in Jordan and Kuwait 63% in Sudan Between 50% and 60% in Iraq, the UAE and Qatar [19], and Yang et al. Kj. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/383207/fertility-rate-in-pakistan/, Pakistan: Fertility rate from 2010 to 2020, Immediate access to statistics, forecasts & reports, Life expectancy at birth in Pakistan 2020, Life expectancy at birth in Pakistan 2020, by gender, Median age of the population in Pakistan 2020, Gross domestic product (GDP) in Pakistan 2022, Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in Pakistan 2022, Gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate in Pakistan 2027*, Pakistan: Share in global GDP adjusted for PPP 2028, Distribution of gross domestic product (GDP) across economic sectors Pakistan 2021, Employment by economic sector in Pakistan 2019, Youth unemployment rate in Pakistan in 2021, National debt of Pakistan in relation to gross domestic product (GDP) 2028, Ratio of military expenditure to gross domestic product (GDP) in Pakistan 2021, Ratio of government expenditure to gross domestic product (GDP) in Pakistan 2028, Pakistan's budget balance in relation to GDP 2028, New cases of COVID-19 worldwide from January 23, 2020 to February 26, 2023, by day, Cumulative cases of COVID-19 worldwide from Jan. 22, 2020 to Feb. 26, 2023, by day, Shipment volume of PET food containers Japan 2011-2020, Average length of stay of visitors from Hong Kong 5-star hotels Macao 2012-2022, CAGR of denture exports in China 2007-2019, Leading plastic product companies India 2020 based on net sales, Hong Kong : pre-purchase sources of product information 2015, Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports.